A computer can process data, pictures, sound and graphics. They can solve
highly complicated problems quickly and accurately. A computer as shown in Fig.
performs basically five major computer operations or functions
irrespective of their size and make. These are
1) it
accepts data or instructions by way of input,
2) it
stores data,
3) it
can process data as required by the user,
4) it
gives results in the form of output, and
5) it
controls all operations inside a computer.
1. Input: This is the process of entering data and programs in to the
computer system. You should know that computer is an electronic machine like
any other machine which takes as inputs raw data and performs some processing
giving out processed data. Therefore, the input unit takes data from us to the
computer in an organized manner for processing.
2. Storage: The process of saving data and instructions permanently is
known as storage. Data has to be fed into the system before the actual
processing starts. It is because the processing speed of Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
is so fast that the data has to be provided to CPU with the same speed.
Therefore the data is first stored in the storage unit for faster access and
processing. This storage unit or the primary storage of the computer system is
designed to do the above functionality. It provides space for storing data and
instructions.
The storage unit performs the following major functions:
• All data and instructions are stored here before and after
processing.
• Intermediate results of processing are also stored here.
3. Processing: The task of performing operations like arithmetic and logical
operations is called processing. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) takes data
and instructions from the storage unit and makes all sorts of calculations
based on the instructions given and the type of data provided. It is then sent
back to the storage unit.
4. Output: This is the process of producing results from the data for
getting useful information. Similarly the output produced by the computer after
processing must also be kept somewhere inside the computer before being given
to you in human readable form. Again the output is also stored inside the
computer for further processing.
5. Control: The manner how instructions are executed and the above
operations are performed. Controlling of all operations like input, processing
and output are performed by control unit. It takes care of step by step
processing of all operations inside the computer.
block diagram of i/o startegy is good.
ReplyDeletethanks for it.